Conjunction:
A conjunction is a word that connects words, phrases, or clauses in a sentence. It helps show relationships between different parts. There are three types: coordinating (and, but), subordinating (because, if), and correlative (either…or). Conjunctions make sentences flow smoothly and add clarity to the connections between ideas.
Types of Conjunction:
There are three main types of conjunctions: coordinating conjunctions, subordinating conjunctions, and correlative conjunctions.
(1) Coordinating Conjunctions:
Coordinating conjunctions connect words, phrases, or independent clauses of equal importance. The most common coordinating conjunctions are:
Examples:
- He likes to read books and watch movies.
- She is tired, but she wants to finish her work.
- Would you like tea or coffee?
- He neither called nor sent a message.
- She bought a new laptop, for her old one was not working.
- I studied hard, so I passed the exam.
- She was late, yet she managed to catch the train.
(2) Subordinating Conjunctions:
Subordinating conjunctions join a subordinate (dependent) clause to a main (independent) clause. They indicate a relationship of dependence or subordination. Some common subordinating conjunctions include:
Examples:
- She couldn’t go out because it was raining.
- Although it was late, they continued the discussion.
- If you study hard, you will get good grades.
- I will call you when I arrive at the station.
- He played the guitar while she sang.
(3) Correlative Conjunctions:
Correlative conjunctions are used in pairs to connect sentence elements that are similar in importance and structure. The most commonly used correlative conjunctions are:
Examples:
- “either…or”: You can either stay here or come with us.
- “neither…nor”: Neither John nor Sarah attended the meeting.
- “both…and”: She is both intelligent and hardworking.
- “not only…but also”: Not only is he talented, but he is also dedicated.
- “whether…or”: I don’t know whether to laugh or cry.
It’s worth noting that these examples provide a general idea of conjunctions, but there are additional examples and variations within each type. Conjunctions play a crucial role in constructing clear and meaningful sentences by connecting various elements effectively.