(1) Passive Form:
Active Voice:
[Subject + 2nd form of verb + Object]
Passive Voice:
[Object + helping verb (was/were) + 3rd form of verb + by + subject]
Examples:
| Active Voice | Passive Voice |
|---|---|
| She wrote a letter. | A letter was written by her. |
| They built a new house. | A new house was built by them. |
| The company launched a new product. | A new product was launched by the company. |
| The teacher taught the students. | The students were taught by the teacher. |
| We cooked dinner. | Dinner was cooked by us. |
(2) Negative Form:
Active Voice:
[Subject + did + not + 1st form of verb + object]
Passive Voice:
[Object + was/were + not + 3rd form of verb + by + subject]
Examples:
| Active Voice | Passive Voice |
|---|---|
| He didn’t complete the task. | The task wasn’t completed by him. |
| They didn’t invite her to the party. | She wasn’t invited to the party by them. |
| The dog didn’t chase the cat. | The cat wasn’t chased by the dog. |
| We didn’t receive the package. | The package wasn’t received by us. |
| She didn’t solve the puzzle. | The puzzle wasn’t solved by her. |
(3) Interrogative Form:
Active Voice:
[Did + subject + 1st form of verb + object + ?]
Passive Voice:
[Was/Were + object + 3rd form of verb + by + subject + ?]
Examples:
| Active Voice | Passive Voice |
|---|---|
| Did they clean the room? | Was the room cleaned by them? |
| Did she bake the cake? | Was the cake baked by her? |
| Did he fix the car? | Was the car fixed by him? |
| Did you write the report? | Was the report written by you? |
| Did they build the bridge? | Was the bridge built by them? |