The future perfect tense refers to an action that will be completed in the future before a specified point. It is formed by using the auxiliary verb “will have” followed by “3rd form” of the main verb. This tense indicates an action that will have already happened by a certain time or before another event in the future.
Spelling rules for creating 3rd form of verb:
(1) Regular Verbs (base form + “-ed”):
Examples:
- Walk + ed = Walked
- Play + ed = Played
- Talk + ed = Talked
- Jump + ed = Jumped
- Watch + ed = Watched
(2) Verbs ending in “e” (drop “e” and add “-d”):
Examples:
- Love + d = Loved
- Dance + d = Danced
- Hope + d = Hoped
- Like + d = Liked
- Live + d = Lived
(3) Verbs ending in consonant + “y” (change “y” to “i” and add “-ed”):
Examples:
- Carry – y + i + ed = Carried
- Try – y + i + ed = Tried
- Study – y + i + ed = Studied
- Comply – y + ed = Complied
- Apply – y + i + ed = Applied
(4) If the base form of the verb ends in vowel and “y”: Add “-ed” to base form of verb.
Examples:
- Play + ed = Played
- Enjoy + ed = Enjoyed
- Obey + ed = Obeyed
- Display + ed = Displayed
- Pray + ed = Prayed
(5) One-syllable verbs ending in consonant-vowel-consonant (double the final consonant and add “-ed”):
Examples:
- Stop + p + ed = Stopped
- Control + l + ed = Controlled
- Beg + g + ed = Begged
- Submit + t + ed = Submitted
- Admit + t + ed = Admitted
(6) First syllable stressed, ending in consonant-vowel-consonant (add “-ed”):
Examples:
- Open + ed = Opened
- Offer + ed = Offered
- Enter + ed = Entered
- Listen + ed = Listened
- Visit + ed = Visited
(7) Irregular Verbs (unique 3rd forms):
Examples:
- Go – Gone
- Eat – Eaten
- Give – Given
- Break – Broken
- Write – Written